CONTRABAND
INGOTS
A Colonial
Expedient
Throughout the
history of the Spanish
exploitation of the New World there was the great temptation of
“salting
away a little something” for oneself. “Saving for a rainy day” as it
were.
As shipwrecks of the period are uncovered and studied, some very
ingenious
methods of hiding contraband on board these returning vessels come to
light.
Thick, one-ounce, 1-1/2-inch long wood screws of silver were found in
the
wreckage of the 1733 Spanish treasure fleet in the Florida Keys; a
six-inch
nail of high-karat gold was recovered from the treasure fleet of 1715
off
Florida’s east coast. And we have seen 7- to 8-inch spikes made of
solid
silver and having “arrowhead-shaped” points reportedly having come from
these wrecks. All would have been screwed or pounded into some plank or
beam on the ship, where they could be retrieved by the owner upon
arrival
in Spain. And all would have been painted over with tar or black paint
to hide their true identities. Smuggling, hiding contraband materials
to
avoid paying taxes (even at the risk of prison or death), was a fact of
life in all colonies of all nations, and the way of all ships and men
at
sea. >>>
|
|
|
Ingots —silver
bars and gold bars—
were more difficult to hide from the prying eyes of customs officials
(many
of whom would look the other way for a small consideration!) A ten-inch
bar of nearly pure gold weighing three or four pounds could easily be
stashed
on one’s person or in one’s baggage —but, if found by inspectors…
Perhaps
a couple dozen slice-of-pie shaped silver ingots were retrieved from a
ship of the 1715 plate fleet. Being “wedge” shaped, they gave the name
to the “Wedge Wreck” just north of Ft. Pierce Inlet. When
assembled
as a pie (6 or 8 wedges point to point), they could have been concealed
in the bottom of a keg of, perhaps, tar or rum and hidden from view on
the trip to Spain. Ponderous bricks of silver bullion, as shipped
aboard
the Atocha (sunk in 1622), the “Capitana” (sunk
in
1654), and Las Maravillas (sunk in 1656) were larger
than
breadloaves and weighed 70-90 pounds each, a little too bulky to be
carried
in milady’s handbag.
<<< |
The logistics of
shipping and landing
this private wealth was eased by paying the king’s tax, the shipper’s
fees,
and all the various other taxes levied on each ingot … all the way back
to Spain, but who wanted to diminish his own wealth by paying all these
fees (the king alone got 20% of the value)!!?? Again, from the wreckage
of galleons comes the (not-so) surprising answer that not all of these
large ingots had been taxed by the king’s appointed officials in the
Americas.
Many were found without his tax stamp, many bore only marks of the
shipper
and the intended receiver, and some were not marked at all. …The plot
thickens…
It is obvious from examining the over 1,000 silver ingots recovered
from
Nuestra Señora de Atocha that many, many bars, smaller and more
manageable in size and weight —all without the prescribed markings—
were
also cargo on the homebound galleons. vvv |
|
The 1-1/2-pound
contraband silver
ingot shown here went to the bottom of the Bay of Guayaquíl,
Ecuador
in 1654. Perhaps in the pocket of a passenger, it was traveling aboard
the capitana of the South Seas Armada of that year, Jesús
María de la Límpia Concepción, when the
overladen
galleon sank. At 4-1/4 inches in length, 2-1/10 inches in width, and
3/4
of an inch thick, the ingot is hardly larger than a bar of bath soap,
but
its value was equivalent to about 24 silver pieces-of-eight (at $200
each,
colonial purchasing power) or 1.5 gold 8-escudo doubloons!
--Ernie
Richards, EN RADA
Publications >>>
|
This intriguing
example of 17th-century
contraband is one of three returned to SubAmerica Discoveries, Inc., in
its division with the government of Ecuador. It has not one
identifying mark stamped into it, attesting to its illegitimacy, and it
displays the rounded edges and discoloration which come from being
immersed
in salt water and sand for over 300 years.
FOR SALE: SORRY! SOLD! This artifact from the capitana
of 1654 comes with a
SubAmerica
Discoveries Certificate of Authentication signed by Sr. Herman
Moro,
resident leaseholder for the site of the ship’s wreckage when it was
discovered.
~~
|